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vkt tSls&tSls efgyk l'kfDrdj.k dh ekax t¨j idM+ jgh gS] oSls gh ,d /kkj.kk vkSj Hkh cyorh g¨rh tk jgh gS] og ;g fd fookg djus ls ukjh xqyke g¨ tkrh gS] ifr dh nklh g¨ tkrh gS vkSj bldk ifjpk;d gS cgqr&lh Lokoyach efgykvksa dk fookg ls nwj jguk- ;fn ge l'kfDrdj.k dh ifjHkk"kk esa tkrs gSa r¨ ;gh ikrs gSa fd l'kDr ogha gS t¨ Lo;a ds fy, D;k lgh gS D;k xyr gS dk fu.kZ; Lo;a dj lds vkSj vius fu.kZ; d¨ vius thou esa dk;Z ds :i esa ifjf.kr dj lds- fQj bldk fookfgr g¨us ;k u g¨us ls d¨Ã eryc gh ugha gS- gekjs ns'k dk bfrgkl bl ckr dk lk{kh gS fd gekjs ;gk¡ fd efgyk,a l'kDr Hkh jgh gSa vkSj fookfgr Hkh- mUg¨aus thou esa deZ{ks= u dsoy vius ifjokj d¨ ekuk cfYd lalkj ds j.k{ks= esa Hkh inkiZ.k fd;k vkSj viuh ;¨X;rk dk y¨gk euok;k - ekuo l`f"V dk vkjaHk dsoy iq#"k ds gh dkj.k ugha gqvk cfYd 'kr:ik ds lg;¨x ls gh euq ;s dk;Z laHko dj ik, -

ohjkaxuk ^>ydkjh ckÃ* igys fdlh Q+©t esa ugha Fkh taxy esa jgus ds dkj.k mUg¨aus vius firk ls ?kqM+lokjh] vL=&'kL= lapkyu dh f'k{kk yh Fkh - mudh 'kknh egkjkuh y{ehckÃ ds r¨i[kkus ds ohj r¨iph iwj.k flag ds lkFk g¨ x;h- vius ifr ds ek/;e ls os egkjkuh dh efgyk Q©t esa HkrhZ g¨ x;h vkSj 'kh?kz gh os Q+©t ds lHkh dke¨a esa fo'ks"k ;¨X;rk okyh g¨ x;h- >k¡lh ds fdys d¨ vaXkzst¨a us tc ?ksjk rc tujy º;wj¨t+ us mls r¨iph ds ikl [kMs+ x¨fy;ka pykrs ns[k fy;k vkSj ml ij x¨fy;¨a dh o"kkZ dh x;h- r¨i dk x¨yk ifr ds yxus ij ^>ydkjh* us e¨pkZ laHkkyk] ij mls Hkh x¨yk yxk vkSj og ^t; Hkokuh* dgrh gqÃ 'kghn g¨ x;h- mudk cfynku u dsoy egkjkuh d¨ cpkus esa lQy gqvk] vfirq ,d efgyk ds fookfgr g¨rs gq, Hkh mldh l'kDrrk dk vuwBk n`"VkUr lEiw.kZ fo'o ds le{k j[kk x;k - Hkkjr d¨fdyk ^lj¨tuh uk;Mw* us x¨foUn jktyw uk;Mw ls fookg fd;k vkSj egkRek xk¡|h }kjk pyk;s x, 1932 ds ued lR;kXkzg esa Hkh Hkkx fy;k - ^dLrwjck xkWa/kh* egkRek xWak/kh th dh /keZiRuh gksus ds lkFk&gh& lkFk efgyk l'kfDrdj.k dh igpku Hkh cuh- mUg¨aus nf{k.k vÝhdk esa efgykvksa esa lR;kXkzg dk 'ka[k Qwadk - ^çdk'korh iky*] ftUg¨aus 27 Qjojh 1931 d¨ panz'ks[kj vktkn dh 'kgknr ds ckn Økafr laxBu dh lw= vius gkFk esa ysdj dke fd;k] 1934 esa fnYyh esa fxj¶rkj gqÃ -igys fookg ls v#fp j[kus okyh ns'k lsok dh bPNqd ^çdk'korh* us cjsyh tsy esa ;'kiky ls fookg fd;k fdUrq blls muds thou ds y{; esa d¨Ã cnyko ugha vk;k] ;'kiky us mUgsa Økafrdkjh cuk;k vkSj ^çdk'korh* us mUgsa ,d egku ys[kd-

^lqpsrk d`iykuh*] vkpk;Z d`iykuh dh iRuh Fkh vkSj igys Lora=rk laXkzke ls tqMh drZO;fu"B Økafrdkjh vkSj ckn esa mŸkj çns'k dh çFke efgyk eq[;ea=h- çfl) lekt lq/kkjd x¨foUn jkukMs dh iRuh ^jekckÃ jkukMs* ifr ls iw.kZ lg;¨x ikus okyh] iwuk esa efgyk lsok lnu dh LFkkid] ftudh jkg esa dÃ ckj j¨M+s iM+s- oks j¨M+s ifr us ugha] cfYd ml le; Q+Syh inkZ ] NqvkNwr ] cky fookg tSlh dqjhfr;¨a us Mky-s bu lcd¨ tcjnLr VDdj nsrs gq, ^jekckÃ jkukMs* us L=h l'kfDrdj.k dh felky dk;e dh- ns'k dh çFke efgyk ç/kkuea=h Jherh ^bafnjk xk¡/kh* us fQ+j¨t+ xWak/kh ls varjtkrh; fookg Hkh fd;k vkSj n¨ iq=¨a jktho o lat; dh ek¡ Hkh cuh] vkSj fn[kk fn;k Hkkjr gh ugha lkjs fo'o d¨ fd ,d uo iYyfor y¨dra= dh deku fdl çdkj dq'kyrk ls laHkkyh tkrh gSa- D;k ;gk¡ fookg d¨ mudk dkjkxkj dgk tk ldrk gS\ iRuh o ek¡ g¨rs gq, Hkh chchlh dh baVjusV U;wt+ lfoZl }kjk djk;s x, ,d vkWuykbu loZs{k.k esa mUgsa ^lgL=kCnh dh egkure efgyk*] ?k¨f"kr fd;k x;k -Hkkjrh; flusek dh çFke vfHkus=h nsfodk jkuh igys çfl) fuekZrk funZs'kd fgeka'kq jk; dh iRuh jgh vkSj ckn esa fo'ofo[;kr #lh fp=dkj Losr¨Lyko j¨fjd dh iRuh cuh vkSj muds lkFk dyk ]laLd`fr rFkk isafVax ds {ks= esa O;Lr g¨ x;h] dgha d¨Ã cafn'k ugha dgha d¨Ã xqykeh dh n'kk ugha fn[kkÃ nsrh muds thou esa d.kkZVd fp=dyk d¨ mHkkjus esa n¨u¨a dk egRoiw.kZ ;¨xnku jgk- cqdj iq#Ldkj çkIr djus okyh ] jSyh QkWj n oSyh dk usr`Ùo dj ueZnk cpkvks vkUn¨yu d¨ l'kDr djus okyh ^v#a/krh jk;* fQ+Yedkj çnhi d`".k ls fookfgr gSa- iqfyRt+j iq#Ldkj çkIr ^>qEik ykfgM+h*fons'kh if=dk ds milaiknd vYcZV¨ ookZfy;kl ls fookfgr gSa vkSj vius thou d¨ viuh ethZ o viuh 'kr¨Za ij thrh gSa-

çFke efgyk iqfyl vf/kdkjh fdj.k csnh] çfl) lekt lsfodk 'kkfyuh rkÃ e¨?ks] çFke Hkkjrh; efgyk vUrfj{k ;k=h dYiuk pkoy ] VSQs dh funs'kd efYydk vkfn vkfn vkfn cgqr ls ,sls uke gSa t¨ l'kDr gSa] fookfgr gSa] çsj.kk gSa] ln x`gLFk gSa rc Hkh dgha d¨Ã ca/ku ugha] dgha d¨Ã my>u ugha - vc ;fn ge fookg laLdkj dh ckr djrs gSa r¨ mldh lcls egRoiwZ.k jLe gS ^lIrinh* ftlds iwjs g¨rs gh fdlh nEifr dk fookg lEiw.kZ vkSj iwjh rjg oS|kfud eku fy;k tkrk gS- fgUnw fookg dkuwu ds eqrkfcd lIrinh ;k lkr Qsjs blfy, Hkh t:jh gSa rkfd nEifr 'kknh dh gj 'krZ d¨ v{kj'k% Lohdkj djsa- ;s bl çdkj gSa & 1& ॐ Ã'kk ,dinh Hko% &ge ;g igyk Qsjk ,d lkFk ysrs gq, opu nsrs gSa fd ge gj dke esa ,d nwljs dk /;ku iwjs çse ]leZi.k ]vknj]lg;¨x ds lkFk vkthou djrs jgsaxs- 2& ॐ ÅtZs f}inh Hko% &bl nwljs Qsjs esa ge ;g fu'p; djrs gSa fd ge n¨u¨a lkFk lkFk vkxs c<+saxs- ge u dsoy ,d nwts d¨ LoLFk ]lqn<+ o larqfyr j[kus esa lg;¨x nsaxs cfYd ekufld o vkfRed cy Hkh çnku djrs gq, vius ifjokj vkSj bl fo'o ds dY;k.k esa viuh mtkZ O;; djsaxs - 3& f=inh Hko% ॐ jk;Li¨'k; Qsjk ysdj ge ;g opu nsrs gSa fd viuh laifRr dh j{kk djrs gq, lcds dY;k.k ds fy, le`f) dk okrkoj.k cuk;saxsa- ge vius fdlh dke esa LokFkZ ugha vkus nsaxs ]cfYd jk"Vªfgr d¨ loksZifj ekusaxsa - 4& ॐ eu¨H;k; prq"inh Hko% &p©Fks Qsjs esa ge ladYi ysrs gSa fd vktUe ,d nwts ds lg;¨xh jgsaxs vkSj [kklr©j ij ge ifr&iRuh ds chp [k+q'kh vkSj lkeatL; cuk;s j[ksaxs - 5& ॐ çtkH;% iapinh Hko% &ikapos Qsjs esa ge ladYi ysrs gSa fd ge LoLFk] nh?kZthoh larku¨a d¨ tUe nsaxs vkSj bl rjg ikyu&i¨"k.k djsaxs rkfd ;s ifjokj] lekt vkSj jk"Vª dh vewY; /kj¨gj lkfcr g¨- 6& ॐ fjrqH; "k"Binh Hko% &bl NBs Qsjs esa ge ladYi ysrs gSa fd çR;sd mRrjnkf;Ro lkFk lkFk iwjk djsaxs vkSj ,d nwljs dk lkFk fuHkkrs gq, lcds çfr drZO;¨a dk fuokZg djsaxs - 7& ॐ l[ks lIrinh Hko% &bl lkrosa vkSj vafre Qsjs esa ge opu nsrs gSa fd ge vkthou lkFkh vkSj lg;¨xh cudj jgsaxs- bl çdkj mij¨Dr ^lIrinh* dk Kkufookg laLdkj dh okLrfodrk d¨ gekjs Kku p{kq [k¨yus gsrq iZ;kIr gS -

bl çdkj ifr&iRuh bl thou #ih jFk ds n¨ ifg;s gSa t¨ lkFk feydj pysa r¨ eafty rd vo'; igq¡prs gSa vkSj ;fn bues ls ,d Hkh Hkkjh iM+ tk;s r¨ jFk pyrk ugha vfirq f?klVrk gS vkSj ,sls esa tehu ij xgjs fu'kku VwV QwV ds :i esa ntZ dj tkrk gS fQj tc fookfgr g¨us ij iq#"k l'kDr g¨ ldrk gS r¨ ukjh xqyke dSls\ ca/ku ;fn ukjh ds fy, iq#"k gS r¨ iq#"k ds fy, ukjh eqfDr iFk dSls\ og Hkh r¨ mlds fy, ca/ku gh dgh tk,xh- jkek;.k esa r¨ oSls Hkh ukjh d¨ ek;k :i esa fpf=r fd;k x;k gS vkSj ek;k r¨ bl lEiw.kZ txr okfl;¨a ds fy, ca/ku gS -okLro esa n¨u¨a ,d nwljs ds fy, çsj.kk gSa ],d jkg ds gelQ+j gSa vkSj nq[k& lq[k ds lkFkh gSa- blfy, ge lHkh ;g dg ldrs gSa fd l'kfDrdj.k d¨ eqÌk cuk dj ukjh d¨ d¨Ã HkVdk ugha ldrk- viuh ethZ ls viuh 'kr¨Za ij thuk l'kDr g¨uk gS vkSj fookg blesa d¨Ã ck/kk ugha gS ck/kk gS dsoy og l¨p t¨ dHkh ukjh ds r¨ dHkh iq#"k ds ikao esa csMh cu tkrh gS - bl /kjrh ij gj O;fDr

Hkys gh og iq#"k g¨ ;k ukjh cgqr ls fj'r¨a ls tqM+k gS og ml :i esa dgha Hkh ugha g¨rk ftls vkokjxh dh fLFkfr dgk tkrk gS vkSj d¨Ã ml fLFkfr d¨ pkgrk Hkh ugha gS vkSj ,sls esa lg;¨x o vuq'kklu dh fLFkfr r¨ g¨rh gh gS vkSj ckdh lHkh fLFkfr;ka dkYifud ca/ku dgs tkrs gSa vkSj os iru dh vksj gh /kdsyrs gSa -vU; lc fj'r¨a ij ;w¡ gh m¡xfy;k¡ ugha mBrh D;¨afd os tUe ls gh tqM+s g¨rs gSa- vkSj D;¨afd ;s fookg dk ukrk gh ,slk gS ftls ge Lo;a t¨M+rs gSa blesa gekjh le> cw> gh fookn¨a d¨ tUe nsrh gS- bl fj'rs ds lkFk ;fn ge lgh fuZ.k; o le> cw> ls dke ysa r¨ ;s thou esa dkaVs ugha c¨rk vfirq thou thuk vklku cuk nsrk gS - ;g ifr iRuh ds vkilh lg;¨x o le> cw> d¨ c<+k dj ,d vkSj ,d X;kjg dh fgEer ykrk gS vkSj mUgsa ,d jkg dk jkgh cuk eafty rd igqapkrk gS-

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